Catalogs
TorqueList Garage Reference Series

Volume 1 · Toyota

Engine
Reference Catalog

Factory specifications, architecture, key variants, engineering notes, racing history and the stories that made Toyota's most important engines matter.

Technical reference•Historical context•Builder notes•Print ready

Edition 1.0 · September 2026 · Published

Public preview · first 3 engine profiles unlocked

15

Detailed engine profiles

13/15

Commercially cleared photos

35

Source references

V1

12 engine families

Publication notice

Independent TorqueList reference

Independence

TorqueList is an independent automotive reference publication and is not affiliated with, sponsored by, endorsed by, or authorized by Toyota Motor Corporation or any other vehicle or engine manufacturer.

Trademarks

Manufacturer names, model names, engine names, logos, and trademarks are the property of their respective owners and are used solely for identification, commentary, historical reference, and compatibility information. No manufacturer endorsement is implied.

Copyright

© 2026 TorqueList. Original editorial text, compilation, selection, organization, layout, and TorqueList-created graphics are protected by copyright. Underlying facts, specifications, and manufacturer-identifying terms remain the property or factual subject matter of their respective owners.

Accuracy

Specifications can vary by model year, application, option code, market, and production revision. Verify critical service, purchasing, racing, and installation information against the exact factory documentation for the specific vehicle or engine before relying on it.

Media policy

Third-party photographs appear only when their commercial-use basis is recorded. Creator, source, and license information is retained with each approved image. Engines without an approved third-party photograph use TorqueList-owned original technical artwork.

Contents

Toyota Engine Reference — Volume 1

Profiles are organized by engine family and pull from the same published TorqueList Engine Library used by the web experience.

R-Series Truck Four

2 profiles
Toyota 22R1981–1990 core carbureted era
144.4 ci
Toyota 22R-E1983–1995 EFI era
144.4 ci

RZ Truck Four

1 profiles
Toyota 3RZ-FE1994–2004 North American truck era
164.4 ci

VZ Truck V6

1 profiles
Toyota 5VZ-FE1995–2004 core U.S. era
206.1 ci

GR V6

1 profiles
Toyota 1GR-FE2002–2020s depending market/application
241.4 ci

UZ V8

2 profiles
Toyota 2UZ-FE1998–2011 application era
284.6 ci
Toyota 1UZ-FE1989–2004
242.1 ci

UR V8

1 profiles
Toyota 3UR-FE2007–2021 core U.S. era
345.6 ci

FZ Inline Six

1 profiles
Toyota 1FZ-FE1992–2007 depending market
273.2 ci

JZ Inline Six

2 profiles
Toyota 2JZ-GE1991–2007 application era
182.9 ci
Toyota 2JZ-GTE1991–2002 core production era
182.9 ci

S-Series Performance Four

1 profiles
Toyota 3S-GTE1986–2007 depending generation/market
121.9 ci

HD Diesel Inline Six

1 profiles
Toyota 1HD-FTE1998–2007 core Land Cruiser 100 era
254 ci

VD Turbo-Diesel V8

1 profiles
Toyota 1VD-FTV2007–2025 Land Cruiser production era
272.2 ci

GR Turbo Three

1 profiles
Toyota G16E-GTS2020–present
98.7 ci
15/15 profiles include reference sources.
Every engine has artwork; rights-cleared real photos replace TorqueList original technical art as they are approved.
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01

TorqueList Technical Reference

R-Series Truck Four

Full web profile

Toyota 22R

The carbureted 2.4-liter truck four that became a durability icon in Hilux, Pickup and early 4Runner applications.

TorqueList Original Technical Art

Toyota 22R

Inline4 · N/A

2.4L
★

Why it matters

Key takeaway

The 22R became one of Toyota's best-known truck engines because of its simple timing-chain SOHC layout, cast-iron block and long service life.

Engineering

Technical specification

Architecture
SOHC inline four
Block
Cast iron
Cylinder heads
Aluminum
Valvetrain
SOHC, 2 valves per cylinder
Aspiration
Naturally aspirated
Fuel delivery
Carbureted

The 22R uses a simple SOHC layout with a cast-iron block, aluminum head, and nearly square 3.622 x 3.504-inch bore and stroke. Toyota emphasized durability, low-speed drivability, and ease of service rather than high specific output, which helped the engine earn its long-lived truck reputation.

Factory fitment

Notable applications

Toyota Pickup / HiluxToyota 4RunnerToyota CelicaToyota Corona

Strengths

  • Excellent durability reputation
  • Simple serviceability
  • Strong low-speed truck manners

Watch-outs

  • Timing-chain guide wear can damage the timing cover
  • Modest power output
  • Carburetor tuning varies by year

Common upgrades

  • Dual-row timing-chain upgrades
  • Header and exhaust
  • Carburetor or EFI conversion

Builder notes

Engineering notes worth knowing

01

3.622 x 3.504-inch bore and stroke; 144.4 cu in / 2.4 L.

02

SOHC two-valve architecture with cast-iron block and aluminum cylinder head.

03

Representative Toyota historical data lists about 115 hp in 22R specification.

04

Used in Pickup/Hilux, 4Runner, Celica, and Corona applications.

History & context

The story behind the engine

The 22R became a symbol of Toyota truck durability because it kept the engineering straightforward. It was never built to win a horsepower contest; it was built to start, pull, and keep working in pickups and 4Runners that often saw much harder use than passenger cars.

Legacy

The 22R remains one of Toyota’s most recognizable four-cylinder engines. Its reputation for long service life, simple mechanical design, and strong parts support made it a benchmark for old-school Toyota truck reliability.

Verification

Reference sources

Toyota 75 Years — R-series development and 22R specifications

manufacturer history

Toyota service specifications — 1989 22R/22R-E

factory service reference

TorqueList independent reference · Not an OEM publication or endorsement. Original TorqueList editorial and layout rights reserved.

02

TorqueList Technical Reference

R-Series Truck Four

Full web profile

Toyota 22R-E

The electronically fuel-injected evolution of Toyota's 22R truck engine.

Toyota 22R-E engine

Toyota 22R-E enginePhoto: dave_7 — CC BY 2.0 — via Wikimedia Commons · source · license

★

Why it matters

Key takeaway

The 22R-E kept the rugged 22R bottom-end architecture while replacing the carburetor with EFI for easier starts, better drivability and emissions control.

Engineering

Technical specification

Architecture
SOHC inline four
Block
Cast iron
Cylinder heads
Aluminum
Valvetrain
SOHC, 2 valves per cylinder
Aspiration
Naturally aspirated
Fuel delivery
Electronic fuel injection

The 22R-E keeps the rugged 22R cast-iron bottom end and SOHC aluminum head but replaces carburetion with electronic fuel injection. The result preserves the same basic 2.4-liter truck architecture while improving cold starts, drivability, and emissions consistency.

Factory fitment

Notable applications

Toyota Pickup / HiluxToyota 4RunnerToyota Celica

Strengths

  • Simple EFI
  • Excellent parts availability
  • Durable cast-iron block

Watch-outs

  • Timing-chain guide wear
  • Aging EFI sensors and wiring
  • Limited stock airflow

Common upgrades

  • Metal timing-chain guides
  • Header and exhaust
  • Camshaft and cylinder-head work

Builder notes

Engineering notes worth knowing

01

3.622 x 3.504-inch bore and stroke; 144.4 cu in / 2.4 L.

02

SOHC two-valve design with cast-iron block and aluminum head.

03

Factory output varied by year and market, roughly 105–116 hp.

04

Used in Pickup/Hilux, 4Runner, and selected Celica applications.

History & context

The story behind the engine

The 22R-E modernized one of Toyota’s most trusted truck engines without changing what owners already liked about it. EFI made the engine easier to live with while retaining the strong bottom end and simple serviceability that built the 22R name.

Legacy

The 22R-E became the best-known fuel-injected version of Toyota’s classic R-series truck engine. For many enthusiasts it represents the sweet spot between old-school mechanical simplicity and modern everyday drivability.

Verification

Reference sources

Toyota 75 Years — 22R dimensions and output

manufacturer history

Toyota service specifications — 1989 22R/22R-E

factory service reference

TorqueList independent reference · Not an OEM publication or endorsement. Original TorqueList editorial and layout rights reserved.

03

TorqueList Technical Reference

RZ Truck Four

Full web profile

Toyota 3RZ-FE

The square-bore 2.7-liter DOHC four that replaced the 22R-E in many Toyota trucks and SUVs.

Toyota 3RZ-FE engine

Toyota 3RZ-FE enginePhoto: Ric17 — CC BY-SA 3.0 — via Wikimedia Commons · source · license

★

Why it matters

Key takeaway

With 95 mm bore and stroke dimensions, the 3RZ-FE brought modern DOHC breathing and more displacement to Toyota's compact-truck four-cylinder line.

Engineering

Technical specification

Architecture
DOHC inline four
Block
Cast iron
Cylinder heads
Aluminum
Valvetrain
DOHC, 4 valves per cylinder
Aspiration
Naturally aspirated
Fuel delivery
Electronic multi-point fuel injection

The 3RZ-FE moved Toyota’s compact-truck four-cylinder line into a modern DOHC, four-valve layout while retaining a cast-iron block for truck-duty strength. Its perfectly square 3.74 x 3.74-inch bore and stroke support a balanced compromise between torque, durability, and rpm capability.

Factory fitment

Notable applications

Toyota TacomaToyota 4RunnerToyota T100Toyota HiAce / Hilux markets

Strengths

  • Strong truck-duty bottom end
  • Simple naturally aspirated layout
  • Excellent durability reputation

Watch-outs

  • Modest power in heavier trucks
  • Balance-shaft and timing service must be done correctly
  • Less aftermarket support than 22R or JZ families

Common upgrades

  • Supercharger/turbo builds
  • Header and exhaust
  • ECU tuning

Builder notes

Engineering notes worth knowing

01

3.74 x 3.74-inch bore and stroke; 164.4 cu in / 2.7 L.

02

DOHC 16-valve aluminum head over a cast-iron block.

03

Factory output reached 150 hp and 177 lb-ft in common T100/4WD Tacoma specifications.

04

Applications included Tacoma, 4Runner, T100, and overseas Hilux/HiAce variants.

History & context

The story behind the engine

The 3RZ-FE was Toyota’s answer for buyers who wanted a four-cylinder truck engine with more modern breathing than the 22R family. It added displacement and DOHC airflow while keeping the kind of robust bottom end Toyota truck owners expected.

Legacy

The 3RZ-FE earned a strong durability reputation and became a favorite in compact Toyota trucks around the world. Its sturdy block also made it surprisingly capable as a boosted performance foundation.

Verification

Reference sources

Toyota 1996 T100 specifications — 3RZ-FE bore/stroke

manufacturer spec

Toyota 1996 T100 owner manual — 3RZ-FE dimensions and service specifications

manufacturer spec

TorqueList independent reference · Not an OEM publication or endorsement. Original TorqueList editorial and layout rights reserved.

End of public preview

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All-manufacturer workshop tools

Toyota Workshop Companion

Builder utilities and edition 2.0 reference sections. Calculations use your entered measurements; empty or unverified interchange, machining, power and torque data are never represented as confirmed specifications.

Public preview: workshop reference content remains limited until this volume is unlocked. The compression calculator is a general educational utility.

Engine geometry & static compression

Starting values are examples only, not specifications for any engine. Use measured dimensions. Dish and valve relief add clearance volume; dome subtracts it. Deck means piston below deck at top dead center. Calculations are for one cylinder except total displacement.

Geometry
Compression inputs

Static compression

9.63:1

Displacement

349.8 ci

Displacement

5.733 L

Mean piston speed

3,480 ft/min

Rod-to-stroke ratio

1.638

Clearance volume

83.02 cc / cyl

Static compression = (swept + clearance) ÷ clearance. Mean piston speed = 2 × stroke (feet) × RPM. These calculations do not predict fuel octane, dynamic compression, safe RPM, engine strength, horsepower, or whether a combination will clear mechanically.

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Attribution record

Image & License Credits

Only photographs recorded as approved for commercial use appear in this edition. TorqueList does not claim ownership of third-party photographs; all fallback technical artwork is TorqueList-created original material.

Toyota 22R-E

dave_7 — CC BY 2.0 — via Wikimedia Commons

CC BY 2.0

Source: https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:1989ToyotaHiluxSURF4x4-engine.jpg

License: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.0/

Toyota 3RZ-FE

Ric17 — CC BY-SA 3.0 — via Wikimedia Commons

CC BY-SA 3.0

Source: https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:4cylT100.JPG

License: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/3.0/

Layout adaptations of this photograph remain subject to the same indicated CC BY-SA license.

TorqueList is an independent automotive reference publication and is not affiliated with, sponsored by, endorsed by, or authorized by Toyota Motor Corporation or any other vehicle or engine manufacturer.